Who created Surrealism?

Surrealism was founded by French poet Andre Breton, who published the Surrealist Manifesto in 1924. Breton, along with poets Louis Aragon and Philippe Soupault, developed the movement from their experiments with automatic writing. While Breton led the literary and theoretical side, visual artists including Max Ernst, Joan Miro, and later Salvador Dali became the movement’s visual pioneers. The movement built upon earlier Dada experiments and Freudian psychoanalysis. Breton maintained authority over the movement, famously expelling members who violated his principles. Other key early figures included Yves Tanguy, Rene Magritte, and Hannah Hoch, though many more artists contributed to Surrealism’s development and global spread.