Peggy Guggenheim (1898-1979) was an American art collector, patron, and promoter of modern art, particularly of the surrealist and abstract expressionist movements. She is known for her extensive art collection, which included works by some of the most significant artists of the 20th century.

Guggenheim was born into a wealthy New York family and was exposed to art from a young age. She moved to Paris in the 1920s and became involved in the surrealist movement, where she befriended artists such as Marcel Duchamp and Max Ernst. In the 1930s, she opened an art gallery in London, where she exhibited the work of emerging artists such as Jackson Pollock and Mark Rothko.

During World War II, Guggenheim fled Europe and moved to New York, where she continued to promote modern art and build her collection. She opened the Art of This Century gallery in 1942, which became a hub for the abstract expressionist movement and showcased the work of artists such as Pollock, Rothko, and Willem de Kooning.

Guggenheim continued to collect and promote modern art throughout her life, and her collection is now housed in the Peggy Guggenheim Collection in Venice, Italy. She was known for her unconventional personal life and her support of emerging artists, and is considered one of the most important figures in the history of modern art.